1st conditional - REAL POSSIBILITY (possible and probable)
IF + simple present / futuro con WILL
If it rains, I will stay at home / we won’t play. (won't = WILL NOT)
We won't play, if it rains.
If you complain any more, I will give you a very difficult task.
If he calls me, I won’t answer.
If he doesn’t come, we’ll start without him.
2nd conditional – UNREAL POSSIBILITY / DREAM (possible but improbable)
IF + simple past / WOULD + infinito (senza to!)
If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car.
If I had more money, I would stay in England longer.
If I were Fiona, I would care more for my hairstyle.
3rd conditional – NO POSSIBILITY (impossible)
IF + past perfect / WOULD + infinito passato (= have + past participle)
If I had studied I would have passed the exam.
If I had known, I wouldn’t have come.
If he hadn’t left, I would have told him the truth.
0 conditional – CERTAINTY
IF + simple present / simple present
If you heat ice, it melts.
If you bend it, it breaks.
If it falls, it breaks.
Parole che vanno con i condizionali:
IN CASE
Non è proprio uguale a IF
CFR:
We’ll buy some more food if Tom comes. à lo compriamo solo se Tom viene.
We’ll buy some more food in case Tom comes. à lo compriamo comunque, nel caso lui venga.
This letter is for Ann. Can you give it to her if you see her?
This letter is for Ann. Can you take it with you in case you see her?
IN CASE OF ( = if there is/are )
In case of fire a fire, leave the building as quickly as possible
UNLESS ( = except if )
We’ll be late unless we hurry. à non si usa il doppio futuro
Unless you work harder, you’re not going to pass the examination.
Don’t tell Ann what I said, unless she asks you. ( = if she doesn’t ask you )
AS LONG AS – PROVIDED (that) – PROVIDING (that) à = but only if
You can use may car as long as you drive carefully.
The children can stay here providing they don’t make too much noise.
WISH
I wish it would stop raining.
I wish it had been warmer.
I wish you were here.
I wish I had known.
AS SOON AS
I’ll come as soon as I finish = I’ll come as soon as I’ve finished
You’ll feel better after you have something to eat = You’ll feel better after you’ve had something to eat.
IF + simple present / futuro con WILL
If it rains, I will stay at home / we won’t play. (won't = WILL NOT)
We won't play, if it rains.
If you complain any more, I will give you a very difficult task.
If he calls me, I won’t answer.
If he doesn’t come, we’ll start without him.
2nd conditional – UNREAL POSSIBILITY / DREAM (possible but improbable)
IF + simple past / WOULD + infinito (senza to!)
If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car.
If I had more money, I would stay in England longer.
If I were Fiona, I would care more for my hairstyle.
3rd conditional – NO POSSIBILITY (impossible)
IF + past perfect / WOULD + infinito passato (= have + past participle)
If I had studied I would have passed the exam.
If I had known, I wouldn’t have come.
If he hadn’t left, I would have told him the truth.
0 conditional – CERTAINTY
IF + simple present / simple present
If you heat ice, it melts.
If you bend it, it breaks.
If it falls, it breaks.
Parole che vanno con i condizionali:
IN CASE
Non è proprio uguale a IF
CFR:
We’ll buy some more food if Tom comes. à lo compriamo solo se Tom viene.
We’ll buy some more food in case Tom comes. à lo compriamo comunque, nel caso lui venga.
This letter is for Ann. Can you give it to her if you see her?
This letter is for Ann. Can you take it with you in case you see her?
IN CASE OF ( = if there is/are )
In case of fire a fire, leave the building as quickly as possible
UNLESS ( = except if )
We’ll be late unless we hurry. à non si usa il doppio futuro
Unless you work harder, you’re not going to pass the examination.
Don’t tell Ann what I said, unless she asks you. ( = if she doesn’t ask you )
AS LONG AS – PROVIDED (that) – PROVIDING (that) à = but only if
You can use may car as long as you drive carefully.
The children can stay here providing they don’t make too much noise.
WISH
I wish it would stop raining.
I wish it had been warmer.
I wish you were here.
I wish I had known.
AS SOON AS
I’ll come as soon as I finish = I’ll come as soon as I’ve finished
You’ll feel better after you have something to eat = You’ll feel better after you’ve had something to eat.